什么是钠电池的振动测试？

What is the vibration test for sodium-ion batteries?

振动测试对应 UN38.3 T3，模拟货车、集装箱、飞机长途运输持续颠簸冲击，检验电芯焊接、PACK 装配结构抗疲劳稳定性。测试设备为三轴电磁振动台，频率区间 10Hz~150Hz，加速度标准 1g，X/Y/Z 三个正交轴向依次各连续振动 3 小时，总测试时长 9 小时。运输颠簸会持续拉扯汇流排焊点、极耳焊缝、内部线束，振动过程中易出现虚焊脱落、导线破皮短路；软包电芯堆叠还会发生相互摩擦磨破铝塑膜。全程实时记录样品电压、温度，若出现电压骤降判定内部断路缺陷。测试完成后外观无破损、无线束脱落，拆开模组检查所有焊点无开裂，静置 24 小时电压稳定无漂移即为合格。低速电动车、储能电站大批量出货钠电池均需抽样做振动测试，振动不合格产品装车运输极易在途中出现模组失效，引发设备停机故障。

Vibration Test is UN38.3 Item T3, simulating continuous bumping during truck, container and air transportation to test fatigue resistance of cell welding and PACK assembly structures. A 3-axis electromagnetic shaker is adopted with frequency range 10~150Hz and standard acceleration 1g, vibrating 3 hours continuously on each X/Y/Z axis for total 9 hours. Transportation vibration continuously pulls busbar solder joints, tab welds and internal harnesses, easily causing cold solder fall-off and wire insulation abrasion. Stacked soft-pack cells also rub against each other and damage aluminum plastic films. Real-time voltage and temperature monitoring during testing; sudden voltage drop indicates internal open circuits. The sample passes if no appearance damage or harness detachment occurs after testing, all welds remain intact after module disassembly, and voltage stays stable for 24-hour standing. Mass shipments of sodium batteries for low-speed vehicles and energy storage stations require vibration sampling inspection. Products failing this test tend to suffer module failure during transportation and cause equipment shutdown.