钠电池 PACK 的温度保护系统有什么作用？

What are the functions of temperature protection systems for sodium-ion battery PACK?

温度保护依托多点 NTC 测温探头采集全域电芯温度，分高温、低温两类保护逻辑，规避热失控与低温析钠隐患。高温保护：电芯高于 45℃启动散热，超 55℃切断充放电；低温保护：低于 0℃限制大功率充电，低于 - 10℃禁止充电，-20℃限制放电功率。高温下电解液加速分解，正极易热分解释氧；低温充电负极极易析出金属钠刺破隔膜短路。系统联动加热膜、风冷水冷协同控温，多级温度阈值分级预警、降载、停机，储能电站多点位测温缩小监测盲区，单颗电芯异常温升第一时间锁定故障串，防止连锁热蔓延，是 PACK 热安全核心预警系统。

Temperature protection collects full-domain cell temperature relying on multi-point NTC temperature probes, divided into two sets of protection logic for high and low temperature to avoid thermal runaway and sodium precipitation hidden dangers. High-temperature protection: activate heat dissipation when cell temperature exceeds 45℃ and cut off charge-discharge above 55℃. Low-temperature protection: limit high-power charging below 0℃, prohibit charging below -10℃ and restrict discharge power below -20℃. Electrolytes accelerate decomposition at high temperature, and positive electrodes easily thermally decompose to release oxygen; charging at low temperature easily precipitates metallic sodium on anodes to pierce separators and cause short circuits. The system links heating films, air and water cooling for coordinated temperature control, with multi-level temperature thresholds for graded early warning, load reduction and shutdown. Energy storage power stations adopt multi-point temperature measurement to narrow monitoring blind areas, lock faulty strings the moment single cells generate abnormal temperature rise and prevent chain heat spread, serving as the core thermal early warning system of PACK.