钠电池 PACK 的散热泡棉有什么作用？

What are the functions of thermal conductive foam for sodium-ion battery PACK?

散热泡棉为柔性导热复合发泡材料，填充电芯与水冷板、电芯相互间所有缝隙，集导热均温、减震缓冲、隔热三重功能于一体。第一导热均温：紧密贴合电芯壳体，将充放电产生的热量快速传导至散热结构，缩小模组各电芯温差，避免单颗电芯长期过热加速衰减，工商业储能 PACK 电芯温差可控制在 5℃以内。第二振动缓冲：柔性材质抵消车辆行驶、长途运输震动冲击，防止电芯壳体相互摩擦破损，保护汇流排焊点不受持续振动松脱。第三局部隔热隔离：泡棉自带低导热基材，单串电芯异常发热时减缓热量向周边传递，阻断热失控连锁反应。同时填充 PACK 内部空腔，减少空气对流造成的温差，降低整机共振噪音。电动叉车、大功率储能 PACK 全覆盖铺设导热泡棉，搭配水冷系统协同控温，低温环境下也可减少电芯热量流失，辅助加热膜提升升温效率。

Thermal conductive foam is flexible composite foaming material, filling all gaps between cells and water cooling plates as well as between cells, integrating three functions of heat conduction & temperature equalization, shock absorption and local heat insulation. First, heat conduction and temperature equalization: closely fit cell shells to rapidly transfer heat generated during charging and discharging to heat dissipation structures, narrow the temperature difference between cells in modules, and prevent long-term overheating and accelerated attenuation of single cells. The cell temperature difference of industrial & commercial energy storage PACKs can be controlled within 5℃. Second, vibration buffering: flexible materials offset vibration impact during vehicle driving and long-distance transportation, prevent mutual wear and damage of cell shells, and protect busbar welding points from loosening under continuous vibration. Third, local heat isolation: low thermal conductivity base material of foam slows heat transfer to surrounding cells when a single cell generates abnormal heat, blocking chain thermal runaway reactions. Meanwhile, it fills internal PACK cavities to reduce temperature difference caused by air convection and lower overall resonance noise. Electric forklifts and high-power energy storage PACKs are fully covered with thermal conductive foam cooperating with water cooling systems for coordinated temperature control, which can also reduce cell heat loss under low-temperature environments and assist heating films to improve temperature rise efficiency.