什么是钠离子电池？

What is the core difference between Sodium-ion Battery and Lithium-ion Battery?    

钠离子电池是一种新型可充电二次电化学电池，是继锂离子电池之后重点发展的新一代储能电池技术。其核心工作机制依靠钠离子作为唯一电荷载体，通过钠离子在电池正极与负极材料之间的可逆嵌入、脱嵌与迁移运动，完成电能与化学能的相互转化，从而实现反复充放电循环。相较于传统铅酸电池、镍氢电池，钠离子电池技术体系更先进、循环寿命更长、环保性更好；相较于锂电池，它依托丰富的钠资源，彻底摆脱稀有矿产资源制约，是适配大规模储能、民用低速动力领域的核心新能源电池品类，也是我国新型电力系统建设的关键支撑电池之一。

The most essential and core difference between Sodium-ion Battery and Lithium-ion Battery lies in the different charge conduction carriers inside the battery, which directly derives the all-round differences in raw material system, physical and chemical characteristics, cost, performance and application scenarios between the two. Lithium-ion Battery relies on the migration, intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions to realize energy storage and conduction. Lithium is a rare and scarce mineral with limited reserves and large price fluctuations, and has a smaller ionic radius and stronger activity; while Sodium-ion Battery relies on sodium ions to complete charge transmission. Sodium is an extremely abundant common element in the earth's crust, with convenient material acquisition and extremely low cost, and sodium ions have a larger radius and more stable chemical properties. On this basis, there are obvious differentiated characteristics in cathode and anode materials, current collector selection, electrolyte formula, monomer voltage, energy density, low temperature performance and safety attributes between the two, forming a complementary rather than opposite industrial pattern.