钠电池的存放安全要求有哪些？

What are the storage safety requirements for sodium-ion batteries?

钠电池仓储分为原料电芯、成品 PACK、废旧电池三类独立库区，分区隔离管控，仓储环境、堆叠、温湿度、防护、巡检均有强制标准。仓储环境：专用耐火库房，耐火等级二级以上，地面防静电环氧地坪，配套强制通风、温湿度调控设备，室内温度恒定 10~30℃，相对湿度 40%~60%，杜绝雨水渗漏、墙面凝露，库区远离锅炉、电焊等明火热源，距离不少于 15 米。分区隔离：全新成品、待检测电芯、破损漏液废电池分三个独立隔间，中间阻燃实体墙分隔，严禁混放；废弃钠电池单独危废仓，地面设置防泄漏收集沟槽，承接电解液废液。堆叠规范：纸箱单层堆叠高度≤1 米，成品金属 PACK 货架分层摆放，每层载荷不超额定上限，电芯禁止倒置、侧放，所有箱体预留散热缝隙，堆叠区域配备干沙、D 类干粉灭火器。存放周期：成品电池长期仓储需保持 30%~50% 中等 SOC，满电长期存放加剧自放电产气，每 90 天抽检电压内阻，压差超标均衡处理。防护措施：库区禁止金属工具随意堆放，防静电手环、周转箱全程使用，门窗加装防尘、防雨水密封结构，夏季遮阳降温、冬季保温防冻。日常巡检：每 2 小时人工巡查温湿度、有无鼓包漏液电芯；每日记录仓储数据；发现发热、鼓包电池立即转移至独立防爆隔离箱，静置冷却 24 小时处置；库区严禁吸烟、切割动火，配套 24 小时视频监控与消防报警系统。

Sodium-ion battery warehouses are divided into three independent zones for raw cells, finished PACKs and waste batteries with separated control, featuring mandatory standards for storage environment, stacking, temperature & humidity, protection and patrol inspection. Storage environment: Special fire-resistant warehouses above Grade II fire resistance with anti-static epoxy floors, forced ventilation and temperature & humidity control equipment. The indoor temperature is maintained at 10~30℃ with relative humidity of 40%~60%. Water leakage and wall condensation are eliminated. The warehouse is at least 15 meters away from open flame heat sources such as boilers and welding equipment. Zone isolation: New finished products, cells to be tested and damaged leaking waste batteries are stored in three separate compartments separated by solid flame-retardant walls without mixing. Waste sodium batteries occupy an independent hazardous waste warehouse with leakage collection grooves on the ground to contain electrolyte waste liquid. Stacking specifications: Single-layer carton stacking height ≤1 meter. Finished metal PACKs are placed on layered racks with each layer load not exceeding the rated limit. Cells are forbidden to be placed upside down or sideways. Heat dissipation gaps are reserved for all boxes, and dry sand plus Class D dry powder extinguishers are equipped in stacking areas. Storage cycle: Finished batteries shall be stored at medium SOC of 30%~50% for long-term warehousing, as full-charge long-term storage aggravates self-discharge and gas generation. Voltage and internal resistance sampling inspection is conducted every 90 days, with balancing treatment for excessive voltage difference. Protection measures: Random stacking of metal tools is prohibited in the warehouse. Anti-static wristbands and turnover boxes are used throughout. Windows and doors are equipped with dust and rain sealing structures for summer sunshade cooling and winter anti-freezing. Daily patrol: Manual inspection of temperature, humidity and swollen/leaking cells every 2 hours with daily data recording. Overheated or swollen batteries are immediately transferred to independent explosion-proof isolation boxes and cooled for 24 hours before disposal. Smoking and hot cutting are strictly forbidden in the warehouse, equipped with 24-hour video monitoring and fire alarm systems.