钠离子电池的产能规划情况如何？

What is the production capacity planning of sodium-ion batteries?

2025 至 2027 年国内钠离子电池全产业链产能规划进入高速扩张周期，上游正负极材料、中游电芯、下游集成同步大幅扩产，整体产能释放逻辑围绕储能、低速交通两大核心需求。电芯端：宁德时代、亿纬锂能、欣旺达、鹏辉等头部企业规划合计超 600GWh 钠电池产能，分 2025、2026 两期落地，单基地量产线规模多为 10 至 40GWh；二线电池企业、跨界能源厂商同步配套 5 至 20GWh 中小型产线，主要供给户储、电动两轮车细分市场。正极材料：普鲁士蓝、聚阴离子、层状氧化物三类材料总规划产能超 300 万吨，其中普鲁士蓝扩产最快，匹配平价离网储能放量；钒基聚阴离子产能逐步跟进，面向工商业长时储能。硬碳负极规划总产能突破 180 万吨，农林生物质路线产能占七成以上，树脂基硬碳作为高端配套同步建设。电解液钠盐规划产能超 80 万吨，NaPF6 为主、NaFSI 高端盐配套扩产。设备端先导、赢合等企业钠电池专用设备产能同步翻倍配套新建产线。产能投放节奏：2025 年落地现有一期在建产能，国内有效电芯产能约 120GWh；2026 年二期集中投产，有效产能突破 400GWh；2027 年全部规划产线完工，国内钠电芯总产能将超 650GWh。全球维度国内产能占比超九成，东南亚、欧洲仅少量配套小产线，国内产能足以支撑全球户储、低速车、电网储能全部市场需求，中长期随材料成本持续下行，产能利用率逐步提升至 75% 以上。

From 2025 to 2027, China’s full sodium-ion battery industrial chain enters a rapid capacity expansion cycle, with simultaneous large-scale expansion of upstream cathode/anode materials, midstream cells and downstream integration centered on energy storage and low-speed transportation demand. Cell side: leading enterprises including CATL, EVE, Sunwoda and Great Power plan a total of over 600 GWh sodium cell capacity to be implemented in two phases (2025 & 2026), with single base mass lines ranging 10~40 GWh. Second-tier battery and cross-border energy firms build 5~20 GWh small & medium lines mainly for household storage and e-bikes. Cathode materials: total planned capacity of Prussian blue, polyanion and layered oxides exceeds 3 million tons. Prussian blue expands fastest for low-cost off-grid storage, while vanadium polyanion capacity follows for industrial long-duration storage. Total planned hard carbon anode capacity surpasses 1.8 million tons, over 70% from biomass routes with resin hard carbon built for high-end matching. Planned sodium salt electrolyte capacity exceeds 800,000 tons, dominated by NaPF6 with supplementary NaFSI high-end salt expansion. Equipment suppliers Lead Intelligent and Winbro double special sodium equipment capacity to match new lines. Capacity release rhythm: Phase I under construction comes online in 2025 with effective domestic cell capacity around 120 GWh; Phase II concentrated commissioning in 2026 pushes effective capacity above 400 GWh; all planned lines finish in 2027 with total domestic sodium cell capacity over 650 GWh. Domestic capacity accounts for over 90% globally, with only small supporting lines in Southeast Asia and Europe. China’s capacity can fully satisfy global demand for household storage, low-speed vehicles and grid storage. Medium and long term, capacity utilization will gradually rise above 75% alongside continuous material cost reduction.