钠电池的最大短板是什么？

What is the biggest shortcoming of Sodium-ion Battery?    

钠离子电池目前最核心、最无法规避的短板是能量密度偏低，这也是其无法替代高端锂电池的核心原因。受限于钠离子半径大、原子质量大、单位材料储电量少的物理特性，商用钠电池的质量能量密度、体积能量密度均显著低于锂离子电池。同等重量、同等体积的钠电池，储电量比磷酸铁锂电池低20%-30%，比三元锂电池低40%以上。这就导致钠电池设备同等续航下体积更大、重量更重，无法适配高端新能源汽车、长续航便携设备、航空航天等对轻量化、高续航、小体积有严格要求的场景，只能聚焦中低端动力和储能赛道。

At present, the most core and unavoidable shortcoming of Sodium-ion Battery is its low energy density, which is also the core reason why it cannot replace high-end lithium batteries. Limited by the physical characteristics of large sodium ion radius, large atomic mass and low power storage per unit material, the mass energy density and volume energy density of commercial sodium batteries are significantly lower than those of Lithium-ion Batteries. For the same weight and volume, the power storage of sodium batteries is 20%-30% lower than that of lithium iron phosphate batteries, and more than 40% lower than that of ternary lithium batteries. This leads to the fact that sodium battery equipment has larger volume and heavier weight under the same battery life, which cannot adapt to the scenarios with strict requirements for lightweight, long battery life and small volume, such as high-end new energy vehicles, long-endurance portable equipment, aerospace and other fields, and can only focus on the middle and low-end power and energy storage tracks.