钠离子电池和锂电池最核心的区别是什么？

What type of battery does Sodium-ion Battery belong to?    

钠离子电池与锂电池最本质、最核心的区别是电池内部的电荷传导载体不同，这也直接衍生出两者原材料体系、理化特性、成本、性能、应用场景的全方位差异。锂离子电池依靠锂离子的迁移、嵌入脱嵌实现储能导电，锂属于稀有稀缺矿产，储量有限、价格波动大，离子半径更小、活性更强；而钠离子电池依靠钠离子完成电荷传输，钠是地壳中储量极高的常见元素，取材便捷、成本极低，钠离子半径更大、化学性质更稳定。在此基础上，两者的正负极材料、集流体选型、电解液配方、单体电压、能量密度、低温性能、安全属性均存在明显差异化特征，形成了互补而非对立的产业格局。

Divided from battery attributes, working principles and application dimensions, Sodium-ion Battery belongs to secondary rechargeable intercalation electrochemical energy storage battery. First of all, it belongs to secondary battery, which is different from primary batteries such as dry batteries. It can be repeatedly charged by external power supply and recycled for thousands of times, with a service life much longer than that of primary batteries; secondly, it belongs to intercalation energy storage battery, which relies on the reversible intercalation and deintercalation of ions in the lattice of electrode materials for energy storage, rather than the chemical reaction consumption type energy storage of traditional batteries; in industry classification, it is listed as the mainstream electrochemical energy storage battery category together with Lithium-ion Battery, lead-acid battery, nickel-metal hydride battery and flow battery, and also belongs to the new clean energy storage battery defined by the state. It is widely used in many fields such as power energy storage, civil power, industrial backup power supply, and is the core sub-category of the new energy industry.